TB-500

TB-500 is a synthetic analog of Thymosin Beta-4 (Tβ4), a 43-amino acid peptide originally isolated from the thymus gland. Tβ4 is a major actin-sequestering molecule found in virtually all mammalian cells and is one of the most abundant intracellular peptides. TB-500 has been extensively studied in preclinical models for its role in cell migration, angiogenesis, and wound-related biology.

TB-500 corresponds to the full-length Thymosin Beta-4 sequence with a molecular weight of 4963.44 g/mol. The active domain of the peptide contains the central actin-binding motif LKKTET (residues 17-22), which is responsible for G-actin sequestration and cytoskeletal remodeling. This motif is critical for the peptide's documented effects on cell migration in in vitro assays.

The peptide is highly water-soluble and maintains structural integrity across physiological pH ranges.

• Wound biology: Preclinical studies have examined Tβ4's effects on keratinocyte and endothelial cell migration in scratch-wound assays (Malinda et al., 1999).
• Cardiac biology: Animal models of myocardial infarction have been used to study Tβ4's effects on cardiomyocyte survival and epicardial progenitor activation (Smart et al., 2007).
• Ocular biology: Research in corneal wound models has investigated Tβ4's effects on epithelial healing and inflammation (Sosne et al., 2005).
• Musculoskeletal research: Studies have assessed TB-500 in tendon and muscle injury models in rodents.

• G-actin sequestration and cytoskeletal dynamics regulation
• HIF-1α stabilization in hypoxic conditions
• VEGF pathway modulation in angiogenesis models
• NF-κB pathway interaction in inflammatory models
• Wt1+ epicardial progenitor cell activation in cardiac models

Key preclinical findings with published concentrations:

Smart et al. (2007, Nature): Tβ4 priming activated Wt1+ epicardial progenitor cells in murine myocardial infarction model. Dose: 150 µg injected systemically. Improved neovascularization and reduced scar size.

Malinda et al. (1999): Tβ4 at 100 ng/mL promoted endothelial cell migration (2.5-fold increase) and tube formation in Matrigel assays. EC50 for migration: ~6 nM.

Sosne et al. (2005): Accelerated corneal epithelial wound closure by 25% in rat model. Topical application at 0.1% concentration. Reduced TNF-α and MMP-9 expression.

Philp et al. (2004): Tβ4 at 4.2 mg/kg improved full-thickness dermal wound closure rate by 2-fold in diabetic mouse model.

Typical in vitro concentrations: 1-1000 ng/mL (cell culture). In vivo: 2-6 mg/kg (rodent studies).

All findings from animal or in vitro studies.

Form: Lyophilized powder, 5mg per vial
Appearance: White powder
Molecular Weight: 4963.44 g/mol
For In Vitro Research Use Only

Laboratory Preparation:
Add sterile diluent to vial. Gently swirl to dissolve.

Solubility Profile: Freely soluble in water (>20 mg/mL), PBS, cell culture media.

Stability: Lyophilized stable 24 months at -20°C. Solution: 30 days at 2-8°C.

Analytical Testing: HPLC (≥99%), ESI-MS, LAL endotoxin (<0.1 EU/mg), USP sterility.

This product is for laboratory and in vitro research only. Not for human or animal use.

This content was prepared for informational purposes based on published preclinical research. It does not constitute medical advice or product efficacy claims.

1. 1
   Smart N, et al. "Thymosin beta4 induces adult epicardial progenitor mobilization and neovascularization." Nature. 2007;445(7124):177-82. PubMed: 17108969 PubMed
2. 2
   Malinda KM, et al. "Thymosin beta4 accelerates wound healing." J Invest Dermatol. 1999;113(3):364-8. PubMed: 10469334 PubMed
3. 3
   Sosne G, et al. "Thymosin beta 4 promotes corneal wound healing and modulates inflammatory mediators in vivo." Exp Eye Res. 2005;81(1):23-9. PubMed: 15978250 PubMed
4. 4
   Philp D, et al. "Thymosin beta4 increases hair growth by activation of hair follicle stem cells." FASEB J. 2004;18(2):385-7. PubMed: 14657001 PubMed